The first archaeologically confirmed traces of the human settlement in the region of the present Klementowice date back to the Paleolithic Age, that is, the early stone age and date from the time between the 13^th and 11^th centuries BCE. Several thousand of various flint artefacts were discovered in Klementowice-Kolonia, which constitutes the remnant of the reindeer hunters’ settlement from almost 13,000 years ago (the period of the so-called Magdalenian culture). It is one of the most interesting archaeological sites in Poland associated with the Magdalenian culture, and the farthest located settlement of this culture in Northeast Europe.

The archaeological excavations carried out in Klementowice provided significant data for research on the Neolithic Age – the new stone era, which began in the Lublin Region in the early 5^thmillennium BCE. The contemporary settlers in this area were already familiar with the methods of farming and animal breeding, and they knew how to shape and fire earthenware. They also used natural vegetable and animal fibres for spinning and weaving. They perfected methods of stone material processing and established small settlements.

In the end of the 4^th millennium BCE, the communities of settlers identified by the archaeologists with the funnelbeaker culture, arrived in the Klementowice area. This was the time of intensifying the agricultural and breeding farming; the area of cultivated land was increased, since the forests were burnt down on a large scale and the soil was fertilized with ashes. The ox-drawn ards also came into use. A small settlement and eight cemeteries were discovered during the excavations. A number of clay pottery vessels, such as goblets, cups, amphorae, and vases were recreated on the basis of the excavated fragments of the earthenware. Other discovered items include carefully polished flint axes, stone hatchets, tools made of bones, and clay whorls. The graves placed under the thick layer of rock blocks (sometimes the presence of other stone structures was discovered as well) most often featured individual skeleton burials without furnishing, and rarely contained some gifts like pottery, tools or ornaments.

The population associated with the globular amphora culture settled in this area in the final phase of the Neolithic Age, around the middle of the 3^rd millennium BCE. Their economy was based on shepherd raising a variety of large herds of livestock. Graves dating from this period were discovered in Klementowice. They were usually constructed from limestone and the dead were accompanied by earthenware, fully polished flint ornaments, and sometimes also by amulets made of boar’s teeth, bone arrowheads, and amber beads. Occasionally, the graves featured human or animal sacrifices.